Etymological roots are indicated by the sign ç.

Language groups are as follows: SKT: Sanscrt; E: Egyptian; HB: Hebrew; GK: Greek; L: Latin; AS: Anglo Saxon; ME: Middle English; OHG: Old High German; G: German; OFR: Old French; FR: French; IT: Italian; ICL: Icelandic; N: Nordic; SW: Swedish.

HB: hetsem = bone, body, substance; to bind, make strong; hets = tree, wood; hatsah = fasten, make firm; hatseh = backbone, spine; hetsah = timber, trees; hatsum = powerful; çHETZ = determined matter, substance, vegetal element; wood, tree; that which consolidates and hardens; çH = materiality, void, emptiness, the curved; the bad, perverse; çH = matter; çHA = physical reality; çHB = centre or locus of materiality, condensation, heaviness, density, opacity; çHEL (cf. GK: hule, hulon; L: sylva = wood) = materia prima, its extensive force, elementary energy, its development in space; material extension, progression, aggregative power of increase; all that increases, extends, elevates; çHE = increase, accumulation - çTZ = term or end towards which all things tend. D'Olivet renders çHETZ as vegetative substance, vegetative aspect of elementary nature, as matter in the process of working: extensive, invading force.