Etymological roots are indicated by the sign ç.

Language groups are as follows: SKT: Sanscrt; E: Egyptian; HB: Hebrew; GK: Greek; L: Latin; AS: Anglo Saxon; ME: Middle English; OHG: Old High German; G: German; OFR: Old French; FR: French; IT: Italian; ICL: Icelandic; N: Nordic; SW: Swedish.

HB: hiyir - ÖHIR = that which manifests a physical impulsion, a communal centre of activity, a surveillance (city, fort, rampart); ÖHI = increase, corporeal manifestation, material development, cumulation; ÖHUR = physical reality, external form of things (ÖHU) tied either to intrinsic motion (ÖR), or to light (ÖAOR) - giving notions such as passion, internal ardor, furor, exitation; blindness, privation of light or intelligence, privation in a general sense: sterility, nudity, naked skin, arid earth or desert; ÖHR = inflame with passion, to awaken, excite; to wake, watch, guard, survey; a naked body, leather, a corps-de-garde, obscure cavern, city. ÖKR = incisive, penetrant, straight; that which engraves; script, lecture, proclamation, designation by naming, convocation; ÖKIYR = incision, hollowing-out; well, fountain, fosse, abyss; penetrant, cold - and that which leads to it by extension: walled boundary, grotto, tower, city. GK: pelis, pella = wooden cup, bowl (pelvis).